Colecistitis xantogranulomatosa

Abstract

Introduction: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is a very rare disease of the gallbladder, which is difficult to diagnose and treat, since it is very frequently

confused with gallbladder cancer. This study aims to evaluate the demographic, clinical and radiological characteristics of these patients. Additionally, evaluate the surgical approach. Method: Retrospective case series that analyzes 16 cases diagnosed by pathology as xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, among 312 upper quadrant in 81.3% of the patients, 7 were admitted with a suspected diagnosis of gallbladder cancer, intraoperative frozen biopsy was taken in 7 patients. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 37.5% of the patients, the most frequent intraoperative finding was thickened gallbladder wall in 93.75%, as well as two fistulas, one cholecystectoduodenal and the other cholecystocolonic. 75% of the patients started oral intake the day after surgery, and 68.75% were discharged on the fourth postoperative day. Conclusions: Surgery in the context of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and suspicion of gallbladder cancer requires frozen biopsy in order to have a result that allows us to make a decision and thus avoid more prolonged and radical surgery that entails greater morbidity. The use of images such as ultrasound, multiphasic tomography of the liver, and magnetic resonance imaging is vital to carry out adequate surgical planning.